Department of Materials Science and Engineering

John Verhoeven

Distinguished Emeritus Professor
Materials Science and Engineering
136E Wilhelm Hall
jver@iastate.edu

Education

  • BS, Chem. Engr., Univ. Michigan, 1957
  • MS, Met. Engr., Univ. Michigan, 1959
  • PhD,Met. Engr., Univ. Michigan, 1963

Academic Experience

  • Asst. Prof., Met. Dept. ISU, 1963-1966
  • Assoc. Prof., Met. Dept. ISU, 1966-1969
  • Prof. Met. Dept. ISU 1969-1985
  • Distinguished Prof. MSE Dept. ISU 1985-2000

Publications

    Selected publications on major research interests

    Electrotransport, thermotransport and convection in liquid metals

  • J. D. Verhoeven, "Electrotransport in Metals, "Metallurgical Reviews, Vol. 8, p. 311, 1963.
  • J. D. Verhoeven, The Effect of an Electric Field Upon the Solidification of Bismuth-Tin Alloys, Trans, Met. Soc. AIME 233, 1156 (1965).
  • J. D. Verhoeven, Electrotransport as a Means of Purifying Metals, J. of Metals 18, 26 (1966).
  • D. R. Packard and J. D. Verhoeven, Resistivity and Electrotransport in Dilute Solutions of Cd, Hg and Sn in Molten Sodium, Trans. AIME 242, 1335 (1968).
  • J. D. Verhoeven, Convection Effects in the Capillary Reservoir Technique for Measuring Liquid Metal Diffusion Coefficients, Trans. AIME 242, 1937 (1968).
  • J. D. Verhoeven, An Experimental Study of Thermal Convection in a Vertical Cylinder of Mercury Heated from Below, The Phys. Fluids 12, 1733 (1969).
  • J. C. Warner and J. D. Verhoeven, Effect of Electrotransport on the Solidification of Sn-Bi Alloys, Met. Trans 4, 1255 (1973).
  • R. E. Shaw and J. D. Verhoeven, Convection Effects during Electrotransport of Liquid Metals, Met. Trans. 4, 2349 (1973).
  • J. D. Verhoeven, M. A. Noack, W. N. Gill and R. N. Ginde, Influence of Surface Oxidation upon Marangoni Convection Effects during Directional Solidification, Principles of Solidification and Materials Processing, Eds. R. Trivedi et. al., pp. 331-346, Trans. Tech Publications, Zurich, Switzerland (1989).
  • W.N. Gill, R.M. Ginde and J.D. Verhoeven, Surface Tension and Buoyancy Driven Instabilities in a Layer of Liquid Tin Heated from Below, Chem. Eng. Comm. 124, 49-56 (1993).

    Directional Solidification

  • J. D. Verhoeven and R. H. Homer, The Growth of Off-Eutectic Composites from Stirred Melts, Met. Trans. 1, 3437 (1970).
  • J. D. Verhoeven and E. D. Gibson, Interface Stability of the Melting Solid-Liquid Interface, Part II. Sn-Bi Alloys, J. Crys. Growth 11, 39 (1971).
  • J. C. Warner and J. D. Verhoeven, Morphology of Tin Dendrites in Near-Eutectic Alloys, Met. Trans. 3, 1001-2 (1972).
  • J. D. Verhoeven, J. C. Warner, and E. D. Gibson, Effect of Thermotransport upon Off-Eutectic Composite Growth of Sn-Pb Alloys, Met. Trans. 3, 1437-41 (1972).
  • J. D. Verhoeven and E. D. Gibson, The Dendrite-to-Composite Transition in Off-Eutectic Sn-Pb Alloys, Met. Trans. 4, 2581.(1973).
  • J. D. Verhoeven, E. D. Gibson and R. I. Griffith, Measurement of Liquid Metal Diffusion Coefficients from Steady State Solidification Experiments, Met. Trans. 6B(3), 475 (1975).
  • J. D. Verhoeven, K. Kurtz Kingery and R. Hofer, The Effect of Solute Convection upon Macrosegregation in Off-Eutectic Composite Growth, Met. Trans. 6B(4), 647 (1975).
  • D. P. Mourer and J. D. Verhoeven, On the Spiral Growth of Pb-Sn Eutectic Alloys, J. Crys. Growth 37, 197-203 (1977).
  • J. D. Verhoeven, D. P. Mourer and E. D. Gibson, The Morphology and Crystallography of Directionally Solidified Pb-Sn Alloys, Met. Trans. 8A, 1239-47
  • C. M. Klaren, J. D. Verhoeven and R. Trivedi, Primary Dendrite Spacing of Lead Dendrites in Pb-Sn and Pb-Au Alloys, Met. Trans. 11A, 1853 (1980).
  • J. T. Mason, J. D. Verhoeven, and R. Trivedi, Primary Dendrite Spacing: Part II. Experimental Studies of Pb-Pd and Pb-Au Alloys, Met. Tr. 15A, 1665 (1984).
  • J. D. Verhoeven, J. T. Mason and R. Trivedi, The Effect of Convection on the Dendrite to Eutectic Transition, Met. Trans. 17A, 991-1000 (1986).
  • J. D. Verhoeven, W. N. Gill, J. A. Puszynski and R. M. Ginde, Macrosegregation During Convection Free Plane Front Solidification, Part II - Cylindrical and Spherical Geometries, J. Cry. Growth, 97, 254-266 (1989).
  • J. D. Verhoeven, J. H.Lee, F. C. Laabs and L. L. Jones, The Phase Equilibria of Ni3Al Evaluated by Directional Solidification and Diffusion Couple Experiments, J. Phase Equil., 12, 15-23 (1991).
  • J.H. Lee and J. D. Verhoeven, Peritectic Formation in the Ni-Al System, J. Cry. Growth 144, 353-366 (1994).

    Scanning Electron Microsopy and LaB6 Cathodes

  • C. G. van Essen and J. D. Verhoeven, Rotation between Micrographs from the Scanning Electron Microscope and Electron Channelling Patterns, J. Phys. E. 7, 768 (1974).
  • E. D. Gibson and J. D. Verhoeven, Preparation of Single Crystal LaB6 Cathodes for Electron Microscopes, J. Phys. E. 8, 1003 (1975).
  • J. D. Verhoeven, E. D. Gibson and M. A. Noack, Influence of Crystallography and Purity on Brightness of LaB6 Cathodes, J. Appl. Phys. 47, 5105-06 (1976).
  • J. D. Verhoeven, E. D. Gibson, M. A. Noack and R. J. Consemius, An Arc Float Zone Technique for Preparing Single Crystal LaB6, J. Crys. Growth 36, 115-120 (1977)
  • E. D. Gibson and J. D. Verhoeven, A Device for Precise Alignment of Electron Beam and Sample in the SEM, J. Phys. E. 10, 1076-77 (1977).
  • M. A. Noack, E. D. Gibson and J. D. Verhoeven, Brightness of LaB6 Cathodes, J. Appl. Phys. 51 (10), 5566 (1980).
  • A. J. Bevolo, J. D. Verhoeven and M. Noack, A Low Energy Electron Loss and Auger Study of the Oxidation of Liquid and Solid Tin, Surface Science 134, 499 (1983).
  • J. D. Verhoeven, Scanning Electron Microscopy, Metals Handbook, Ninth Edition, Vol. 10, Materials Characterization, pp. 490-515, American Society for Metals (1986).

    Superconductivity

  • J. D. Verhoeven, D. K. Finnemore, E. D. Gibson, J. E. Ostenson and L. D. Goodrich, Superconducting Properties of "In-Situ" Prepared Nb-Cu-Sn Alloys, Appl. Phys. Lett. 33(1), 101-102 (1978).
  • J. D. Verhoeven, F. A. Schmidt, E. D. Gibson, J. E. Ostenson and D. K. Finnemore, Casting of Dendritic Cu-Nb Alloys for Superconducting Wire, Appl. Phys. Letters 35(7), 555 (1979).
  • J. D. Verhoeven, E. D. Gibson, F. A. Schmidt and D. K. Finnemore, Preparation of Cu-Nb Alloys for Multifilamentary "In Situ" Superconducting Wire, J. Materials Science 15, 1449 (1980).
  • J. D. Verhoeven, F. A. Schmidt, E. D. Gibson, J. J. Sue, J. E. Ostenson and D. K. Finnemore, Preparation of In Situ Nb3Sn-Cu Wire by Consumable Arc Melting, IEEE Tran. Magnetics, MAG-17, 251 (1981).
  • J. J. Sue, J. D. Verhoeven, E. D. Gibson, J. E. Ostenson and D. K. Finnemore, Optimization of Nb3Sn-Cu Superconductor Wire Prepared by the In Situ Process, Acta Met. 29, 1791 (1981).
  • J. D. Verhoeven, J. J. Sue, E. D. Gibson, J. E. Ostenson and D. K. Finnemore, Flux Pinning for In Situ Nb3Sn Superconducting Wire, Acta Met. 31, 1233 (1983).
  • J. J. Sue, J. D. Verhoeven, E. D. Gibson, J. E. Ostenson and D. K. Finnemore, Effect of Ta Additions upon In Situ Prepared Nb3Sn-Cu Superconducting Wire, Met. Trans. 15A, 283 (1984).
  • J. D. Verhoeven, A. J. Bevolo, R. W. McCallum, E. D. Gibson and M. A. Noack, Auger Study of Grain Boundaries in Large Grained YBa2Cu3Ox, Appl. Phys. Lett. 52 (9), 745-47 (1988).
  • J. D. Verhoeven and E. D. Gibson, Determination of Crystallographic Orientation of YBa2Cu3Ox Grains from their Optical Twin Patterns, Appl. Phys. Lett. 52, 1190-92 (1988).
  • J. D. Verhoeven, F. C. Laabs, L. S. Chumbley, E. D. Gibson and R. W. McCallum, Observations Concerning the Twin Microstructure in YBa2Cu3Ox, J. Mat. Sci. Lett.7, 897-899 (1988)

    In-Situ Copper Alloys

  • J. D. Verhoeven, W. A. Spitzig, F. A. Schmidt, P. D. Krotz and E. D. Gibson, Processing to Optimize Strength of Heavily Drawn Cu-Nb Wire, J. Mat. Sci. 24, 1015-1020 (1989).
  • J. D. Verhoeven, S. C. Chueh and E. D. Gibson, Strength and Conductivity of In Situ Cu-Fe Alloys, J. Mat. Sci.24, 1748-1752 (1989).
  • J. D. Verhoeven, H. L. Downing, L. S. Chumbley and E. D. Gibson, Resistivity and Microstructure of Heavily Drawn Cu-Nb Alloys, J. Appl. Phys.65, 1293-1301 (1989).
  • J. D. Verhoeven, F. C. Laabs, W. A. Spitzig, and L. S. Chumbley, Measurement of Filament Spacing In Deformation Processed Cu-Nb Alloys, Acta Met. and Mat. 39, 2825-2834 (1991).
  • W.A. Spitzig, H.L. Downing, F.C. Laabs, E.D. Gibson and J.D. Verhoeven, Strength and Electrical Conductivity of a Deformation Processed Cu-5% Nb Composite, Met. Tr.24a, 7-14 (1993).
  • G.A. Jerman, I.E. Anderson and J.D. Verhoeven, Strength and Electrical Conductivity of Deformation Processed Cu-15% Fe Alloys Produced by Powder Metallurgical Techniques, 24a, 35-42 (1993).
  • T.W. Ellis, I.E. Anderson, H.L. Downing, F.C. Laabs and J.D. Verhoeven, Deformation Processed Wire Prepared from Gas Atomized Cu-Nb Alloy Powders, Met. Trans. 24a, 21-26 (1993).
  • Z. Chen, P. Liu, J.D. Verhoeven and E.D. Gibson, Sliding Wear Behavior and Microstructure Change of Deformation Processed Cu-20vol.%Nb in situ composite, Wear 181-183, 263-270 (1995).
  • T.W. Ellis, S.T. Kim and J.D. Verhoeven, Deformation Processed Cu-Cr Alloys Part II Role of Age Hardening, J. Mat. Engr. & Perf. 4, 581-586 (1995).
  • Arc Erosion Behavior of Cu-15% Nb and Cu-15% Cr in situ composites, P. Liu, S. Bahadur, J.D. Verhoeven, E.D. Gibson, M. Dristiansen and A. Donaldson, Wear, 203-204, (1997) 36-45.
  • P.M. Berge, S.T. Kim, E.D. Gibson and J.D. Verhoeven, An Air Melting Technique for Preparing Cu-Cr Alloys, J of Metals, 50, No. 7, 42-43 (1998).

    Cast Irons

  • B. Dhindaw and J. D. Verhoeven, Nodular Graphite Formation in Vacuum Melted High Purity Fe-C-Si Alloys, Met. Trans. 11A, 1049 (1980).
  • J. D. Verhoeven, A. J. Bevolo and J. S. Park, Effect of Te on Morphological Transitions in Fe-C-Si Alloys, Part II - Auger Analysis, Met. Trans.20A , 1875-1881 (1989).
  • L. Ping, S. Bahadur and J.D. Verhoeven, Friction and Wear Behavior of High Silicon Bainitic Structures in Austempered Cast Iron and Steel, Wear, 138, 269-284 (1990).
  • J.S. Park and J.D. Verhoeven, Hydrogen Effects on Directional Solidiification of Te Doped Cast Irons, Met. Mat. Trans.27A , 496-498 (1996).
  • J.S. Park and J.D. Verhoeven, Directional Solidification of White Cast Iron, Met. Mat. Trans. 27A, 2328-2337 (1996).
  • J.S. Park and J.D. Verhoeven, Transitions between Type A Flake, Type D Flake and Coral Graphite Eutectic Structures in Cast Irons, Met. Mat. Trans. 27A, 2740-2753 (1996).

    Steels

  • J. D. Verhoeven and D. D. Pearson, Forced Velocity Pearlite in High Purity Fe-C Alloys, Part II. Theoretical. Met. Trans. 15A, 1047-54 (1984).
  • J. D. Verhoeven, H. L. Downing and E. D. Gibson, Induction Hardening of Steel, J. Heat Treating 4, 253-64 (1986).
  • S. M. Shah, S. Bahadur and J. D. Verhoeven, Erosion Behavior of High Silicon Bainitic Structures, Part II, High Silicon Steels, Wear, 113 (2) 279-290 (1986).
  • J. D. Verhoeven and H. L. Downing, Removal of Texture from Steels, J. Heat Treating, 6, 21-26 (1988).
  • P.M. Berge, J.D. Verhoeven, D.T. Peterson and A.H. Pendray, Graphitization of Plain Carbon Steels, Iron and Steelmaker, 22, No. 3, 67-72 (1995).
  • J.D. Verhoeven and E.D. Gibson, The Divorced Eutectoid Transformation in Steel, Met. Mat. Trans. 29A, 1181-1189 (1998)
  • J.D. Verhoeven, A Review of Microsegregation Induced Banding Phenomena in Steels, J. Mat. Engr. Perf., 9, 286-96 (2000).
  • J.D. Verhoeven, The Role of the Divorced Eutectoid Transformation (DET) in the Spheroidization of 52100 Steel, Met. Mat. Trans.,31A, 2431-38(2000).

    Terfenol

  • O. D. McMasters, J. D. Verhoeven and E. D. Gibson, Preparation of Terfenol-D by Float Zone Solidification, J. Magn. Magn. Mat. 54-57, 849-50 (1986).
  • J. D. Verhoeven, E. D. Gibson, O. D. McMasters and H. H. Baker, The Growth of Single Crystal Terfenol-D Crystals, Met. Trans., 18A, 223-231 (1987).
  • D. T. Peterson, J. D. Verhoeven, O. D. McMasters and W. A. Spitzig, Strength of Terfenol-D. J. Appl. Phys. 65, 3712-13 (1989).
  • J. D. Verhoeven, J. E. Ostenson, E. D. Gibson and O. D. McMasters, The Effect of Composition and Magnetic Heat Treatment on the Magnetostriction TbxDy1-xFey Twinned Single Crystals J. Appl. Phys. 66, 772-779, (1989).
  • J. D. Verhoeven, E. D. Gibson, O. D. Gibson and J. E. Ostenson, Directional Solidification and Heat Treatment of Terfenol-D Magnetostrictive Drive Elements Met Trans.21A, 2249-2256 (1990).

    Damascus Steel

  • J. D. Verhoeven and L. Jones, Damascus Steel, Part II, Origin of the Damask Pattern, Metallography, 20, 153-180 (1987).
  • J. D. Verhoeven, H. H. Baker, D. T. Peterson, H.F. Clark and W.M. Yater, Damascus Steel, Part III: The Wadworth-Sherby Mechanism, Materials Characterization , 24, 205-227 (1990)
  • D. T. Peterson, H. H. Baker, and J. D. Verhoeven, Damascus Steel, Characterization of One Damascus Steel Sword, Materials Characterization 24, 355-374 (1990).
  • J.D. Verhoeven and A.H. Pendray, Experiments to Reproduce the Pattern of Damascus Blades, Mat. Char. 29, 195-212 (l992).
  • J.D. Verhoeven and D.T. Peterson, What is a Damascus Steel?, Mat. Char. 29, 335-341 (1992).
  • J.D. Verhoeven, A.H. Pendray and P.M. Berge, Studies of Damascus Steel Blades Part II - Destruction and Reformation of the Pattern, Mat. Char. 30, 187-200 (1993).
  • J.D. Verhoeven, A.H. Pendray, and E.D. Gibson, Wootz Damascus Steel Blades, Materials Characterization, 37, 9-22 (1996).
  • J.D. Verhoeven, A.H. Pendray and W.E. Dauksch, The Key Role of Impurities in Ancient Damascus Steel Blades, J of Met. 50, No. 9, 58-64 (1998).*
  • J.D. Verhoeven, F. Laabs, A.H. Pendray and W.E. Dauksch, Microsegregation and Banding in Hpereutectoid Steel: Damascus Steel, ISS Transactions, Iron and Steelmaker, 25, No. 11, 65-74 (1998).
  • J.D. Verhoeven, Genuine Damascus Steel: A type of banded microstructure in hypereutectoid steels, Steels Research,73, 347-55 (2002).*
  • J.D. Verhoeven, A.H. Pendray and W.E. Dauksch, The Continuing Study of Damascus Steel: Bars from the Alwar Armory, J of Met. 56, No. 9, 17-20 (2004).*
  • J.D. Verhoeven, A.H. Pendray and H.E. Clark, Wear Tests of Steel Knife Blades, Wear, 265, 1093-1095 (2008).
  • *See links section below

Patents

    Selected patents

    Copper Alloys

  • J. D. Verhoeven, D. K. Finnemore, E. D. Gibson and J. E. Ostenson, Ductile Alloy and Process for Preparing Composite Superconducting Wire, U.S. Pat. No. 4,378,330, March 29, 1983.
  • J. D. Verhoeven, E. D. Gibson, D. K. Finnemore, J. E. Ostenson, F. A. Schmidt and C.V. Owen, Method of Preparing Composite Superconducting Wire, U.S. Pat. No. 4,532,703, Aug. 6, 1985.
  • J. D. Verhoeven, W. A. Spitzig, E. D. Gibson, and I. E Anderson, High Strength High Conductivity Cu-Fe Composites Produced by a Powder Compaction/Mechanical Reduction, U.S. Patent No. 5, 043, 025, Aug. 27, l991.
  • J. D. Verhoeven and E. D. Gibson, Modification of Surface Properties of Cu-Refractory Metal Alloys, US Patent No. 5,252,147, Oct. 12, l993.
  • J.D. Verhoeven, E.D. Gibson, P. Berge and S.T. Kim, An Air Melting Technique for Preparing Cu-Cr Alloys, US Patent No. 5,714,117, Feb. 3 1998.

    Terfenol

  • E. D. Gibson, J. D. Verhoeven, F. A. Schmidt and O. D. McMasters, Continuous Method for Manufacturing Grain Oriented Magnetostrictive Bodies, U. S. Pat. No. 4,770,704, Sept. 13, 1988, European Patent No 0282059, November 11, l991, Canadian Patent No. 1,309,320, Oct. 27, l992.
  • J. D. Verhoeven, O. D. McMasters and E. D. Gibson, Thermal Treatment of Increasing Magnetostrictive Response of Rare Earth-Iron Alloy Rods, U. S. Patent No. 4,849,034, July 18, 1989.

    Others

  • E. D. Gibson and J. D. Verhoeven, Arc-Melting Preparation of Single Crystal LaB6 Cathodes, U.S. Pat. No. 4,030,963, June 21, 1977.
  • M. Atzman, W. L. Johnson and J. D. Verhoeven, Metastable Alloy Materials Produced by Solid State Reaction of Compacted, Mechanically Deformed Mixtures, , U. S. Pat. No. 4,640,816, Feb. 3, 1987.
  • J. D. Verhoeven and E. D. Gibson, Electrolytic Capacitor and Large Surface Area Electrode Therefor, US Patent No. 5,062,025, Oct. 29, l991.
  • J.D. Verhoeven and A.H. Pendray, Method of Making Damascus Blades, US Patent No. 5, 188, 044, Feb. 9, l993.

Links

Books

  • Fundamentals of Physical Metallurgy, John Wiley & Sons, N.Y. 1975
  • Steel Metallurgy for the Non-Metallurgist, ASM International, Metals Park, OH 2007