Department of Materials Science and Engineering

Karl A. Gschneidner, Jr.

Anson Marston Distinguished Professor
Iowa State University
Materials Science and Engineering
255 Spedding Hall
Ames, IA 50011-3020
Phone: 515-294-7931
Fax: 515-294-9579
cagey@ameslab.gov


Member, National Academy of Engineering

Education

    Ph. D. Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa, 1957; B. S. University of Detroit, 1952

Academic Experience

  • Undergraduate teaching assistant in Chemistry, University of Detroit from January to June, 1952.
  • Graduate teaching assistant in physical metallurgy, Iowa State University, Mechanical Engineering Department from September, 1956 to March, 1957; quarter-time teaching and quarter-time research.
  • University of Illinois, Department of Physics, Urbana, Illinois, Assistant Professor, September, 1962 to September, 1963.
  • Visiting Professor, Institute for Pure and Applied Physical Sciences, University of California -San Diego, LaJolla, California, September, 1979 through March, 1980.
  • Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa; Associate Professor of Metallurgy and Group Leader in Ames Laboratory, September 1963 to July, 1967; Professor of Metallurgy, July 1967 - May, 1979; Distinguished Professor in Sciences and Humanities, May, 1979-1985; Anson Marston Distinguished Professor 1986 to date.

Research Interests

  • Physical metallugy of rare earths
  • Alloy theory and phase formation studies
  • Lower temperature (1 to 300K) and high magnetic field (0-10 T) studies of magnetic, thermal and electrical behavior of rare-earth materials
  • Magnetocaloric effect and magnetic refrigeration
  • Ductile intermetallic compounds

    Grants and Contracts

    • Gschneidner, K. A. Jr., & Pecharsky, V. K., 2007, Extraordinary Responsive Materials, Department of Energy/Basic Energy Sciences.
    • Gschneidner, K.A. Jr., Biner, S.B., Russell, A.M. & Wang, C.Z., 2007 Mechanical Properties and Defects - "Ductile RM (R = rare earth, M = metal) CsCl B2 Type Intermetallics", Department of Energy/Basic Energy Sciences.
    • Gschneidner, K.A. Jr., Chumbley, L.S., & Russell, A.M., September, 2004 to August 2007, "Investigation of the Role of Strain Rate and Twinning in the High Ductility of B2 Intermetallic Compounds", National Science Foundation, Mathematics and Physical Sciences, Material Research, Metals.
    • Gschneidner, K.A., Jr., & Pecharsky, V.K., January 2007-December 2007), "Characterization of Magnetocaloric Materials", Astronautics Corporation of America (Administered by Ames Laboratory).

    Publications

     

    • Journals (Peer Reviewed):  394 papers published through December 31, 2006
    • Chapters in Books (Refereed, Not-refereed, and Invited Reviews):  131 chapters published through December 31, 2006
    • Books (Authored and Edited):  1 authored and 41 edited through December 31, 2006
    • Electronic Publications (Not-refereed):  

      1. “What is a Magnetic Heat Engine?”, K.A. Gschneidner, Jr., Access Science@McGraw-Hill, http://www.accessscience.com/server-java/Arknoid/science/AS//QA//44/4338.html, February 5, 2004

    • Most Important Scholarly Works

      1) Senior Editor of Handbook on the Physics and Chemistry of Rare Earths (36 volumes published to date, a continuing series); Co-editors: LeRoy Eyring (decd.), Jean-Claude Bünzli and Vitalij K. Pecharsky

      2) Rare Earth Alloys (book published in 1961)

      3) Journal Publications

      12.  “Prediction of Solid Solubility in Metallic Alloys”, J.T. Waber, K.A. Gschneidner, Jr., A.C. Larson and M.Y. Prince , Trans. Met. Soc. AIME 227, 717-23 (1963).

      19. “Physical Properties and Interrelationships of Metallic and Semimetallic Elements", K.A. Gschneidner, Jr., Solid State Physics 16, 275-426 (1964).

      35. “On the Interrelationships of the Physical Properties of Lanthanide Compounds: The Melting Point, Heat of Formation and Lattice Parameter(s)”, K.A. Gschneidner, Jr., J. Less-Common Metals 17, 1-12 (1969).

      36. “On the Valences of Europium and Ytterbium in Compounds", K.A. Gschneidner, Jr., J. Less-Common Metals 17, 13-24 {1969).

      51. “On the Nature of 4f Bonding in the Lanthanide Elements and Their Compounds”, K.A. Gschneidner, Jr., J. Less-Common Metals 25, 405-22 (1971).

      59. “Preparation of Single Phase b and a Cerium Samples for Low Temperature Measurements", D.C. Koskimaki, K.A. Gschneidner, Jr. and N.T. Panousis, J. Cryst. Growth 22, 225-9 (1974).

      70. “Kondo Scattering in a Pure Metal – β-Cerium: I. Experimental”, K.A. Gschneidner, Jr., P. Burgardt, S. Legvold, J.O. Moorman, T.A. Vyrostek and C. Stassis, J. Phys. F 6, L49-L53 (1976).

      106. “Effect of High Magnetic Fields on the Electronic Specific Heat in the Strongly Pauli-Paramagnetic Compound LuCo2”, K. Ikeda and K.A. Gschneidner, Jr., Phys. Rev. Lett. 45, 1341-4 (1980).

      107. “Influence of Lattice Instability on the Superconducting Properties of 'La3S4’ “, K. Ikeda, K.A. Gschneidner, Jr., B.J. Beaudry and U. Atzmony, Solid State Comm. 36, 657-59 (1980).

      154. “Pressure Dependence of the Intra Rare Earth Generalized Binary Phase Diagram", K.A. Gschneidner, Jr., J. Less-Common Metals 110, 1-10, (1985).

      158. “Systematics of the Intra-Rare-Earth Binary Alloy Systems”, K.A. Gschneidner, Jr., J. Less-Common Metals 114, 29-42 (1985).

      182. “Stable, Metastable and Nonexistent Allotropes", J.W. Herchenroeder and K.A. Gschneidner, Jr., Bull. Alloy Phase Diagrams 9, 2-12 (1988).

      200. “A Most Unusual Occurrence – The Lanthanide Expansion", K.A. Gschneidner, Jr., J. Less-Common Metals 154, 1-8 (1989).

      214. “False Heavy Fermions”, K.A. Gschneidner, Jr., J. Tang, S.K. Dhar and A. Goldman, Physica B 163, 507‑510 (1990).

      229. “Preparation of the Metastable High Pressure g-R2S3 Phase (RºEr, Tm, Yb and Lu) by Mechanical Milling”, S.H. Han, K.A. Gschneidner, Jr., and B.J. Beaudry, J. Alloys Compds. 181, 463-468 (1992).

      232. “Systematics and Anomalies”, K.A. Gschneidner, Jr., J. Alloys Compds. 192, 1-10 (1993).

      233. “Metals, Alloys and Compounds – High Purities Do Make a Difference!”, K.A. Gschneidner, Jr., J. Alloys Compds. 193, 1-6 (1993).

      237. “(Dy0.5Er0.5)Al2: A Large Magnetocaloric Effect Material for Low-Temperature Magnetic Refrigeration”, K.A. Gschneidner, Jr., H. Takeya, J.O. Moorman, and V.K. Pecharsky, Appl. Phys. Lett. 64, 253-255 (1994).

      241. “New Type of Magnetocaloric Effect:  Implications on Low-temperature Magnetic Refrigeration Using an Ericsson Cycle”, H. Takeya, V.K. Pecharsky, K.A. Gschneidner, Jr. and J.O. Moorman, Appl. Phys. Lett. 64, 2739-2741 (1994).

      245. “New Magnetic Refrigeration Materials for the Liquefaction of Hydrogen”K.A. Gschneidner, Jr., H. Takeya, J.O. Moorman, V.K. Pecharsky, S.K. Malik and C.B. Zimm, Adv. Cryog. Eng. 39B, 1457-1465 (1994). Received the Russell B. Scott Memorial Award for the Best Research Paper by Cryogenic Engineering Conference

      256. “The b to g Transformation in Cerium — A Twenty Year Study”, K.A. Gschneidner, Jr., V.K. Pecharsky, Jaephil Cho and S.W. Martin, Scripta Mater. 34, 1717-1722 (1996).

      259. “Superheating and Other Unusual Observations Regarding the First Order Phase Transition in Dy”, V.K. Pecharsky, K.A. Gschneidner, Jr. and D. Fort, Scripta Mater. 35, 843-848 (1996).

      268. “Novel Thermal Effects at the First Order Magnetic Phase Transition in Erbium, and a Comparison with Dysprosium”, K.A. Gschneidner, Jr., V.K. Pecharsky, and David Fort, Phys. Rev. Lett. 78, 4281-4284 (1997).

      269. “Giant Magnetocaloric Effect in Gd5(Si2Ge2)”, V.K. Pecharsky and K.A. Gschneidner, Jr., Phys. Rev. Lett. 78, 4494-4497 (1997).

      270. “Tunable Magnetic Regenerator Alloys with a Giant Magnetocaloric Effect for Magnetic Refrigeration from ~20 to ~290 K”, V.K. Pecharsky and K.A. Gschneidner, Jr., Appl. Phys. Lett. 70, 3299-3301 (1997).

      290. “Magnetocaloric Effect from Indirect Measurements: Magnetization and Heat Capacity”, V.K. Pecharsky and K.A. Gschneidner, Jr., J. Appl. Phys. 86, 565-575 (1999).

      295. “Magnetocaloric Effect and Magnetic Refrigeration”, Vitalij K. Pecharsky and Karl A. Gschneidner, Jr., J. Magn. Magn. Mater. 200, 44-56 (1999).

      297. “Heat Capacity Near First Order Phase Transitions and the Magnetocaloric Effect: An  Analysis of the Errors, and a Case Study of Gd5(Si2Ge2) and Dy”, V.K. Pecharsky and K.A. Gschneidner, Jr., J. Appl. Phys. 86, 6315-6321 (1999).

      298. “The Standard State of Cerium”, K.A. Gschneidner, Jr. and V.K. Pecharsky, J. Phase Equilibria 20, 612-614 (1999).

      300. “Making and Breaking Covalent Bonds across the Magnetic Transition in the Giant Magnetocaloric Material Gd5(Si2Ge2)”, W. Choe, V.K. Pecharsky, A.O. Pecharsky, K.A. Gschneidner, Jr., V.G. Young, Jr., and G.J. Miller, Phys. Rev. Lett. 84, 4617-4620 (2000).

      302. “The Influence of Magnetic Field on the Thermal Properties of Solids”, K.A. Gschneidner, Jr. and V.K. Pecharsky, Mater. Sci. Engin. A287, 301-310 (2000).

      302. “Magnetocaloric Materials”, K.A. Gschneidner, Jr. and V.K. Pecharsky, Ann. Rev. Mater. Sci. 30, 387-429 (2000).

      311. “Gd5(SixGe1-x)4: An Extremum Material”, V.K. Pecharsky and K.A. Gschneidner, Jr., Adv. Mater. 13, 683-686 (2001).

      315. “Some Common Misconceptions Concerning Magnetic Refrigerant Materials”, V.K. Pecharsky and K.A. Gschneidner, Jr., J. Appl. Phys. 90, 4612-4622 (2001).

      318. “The Room Temperature Metastable/stable Phase Relationships in the Pseudo-binary Gd5Si4-Ge5Ge4 System”, A.O. Pecharsky, K.A. Gschneidner, Jr., V.K. Pecharsky and C.E. Schindler, J. Alloys Compds. 338, 126-135 (2002).

      328. “The Fruition of 4f Discovery, the Interplay of Basic and Applied Research”, K.A. Gschneidner, Jr., J. Alloys Compd. 344, 356-361 (2002).

      331. “The Giant Magnetocaloric Effect of Optimally Prepared Gd5Si2Ge2”, A.O. Pecharsky, K.A. Gschneidner, Jr. and V.K. Pecharsky, J. Appl. Phys. 93, 4722-4728 (2003).

      336. “A Family Of Ductile Intermetallic Compounds”, K.A. Gschneidner, Jr., A. Russell, A. Pecharsky, J. Morris, Z. Zhang, T. Lograsso, D. Hsu, C.H.C. Lo, Y. Ye, A. Slager and D. Kesse, Nature Mater. 2, 587-590 (2003).

      337. “Disappearance and Reappearance of Magnetic Ordering Upon Lanthanide Substitution in (Er1-xDyx)Al2”, A.L. Lima, K.A. Gschneidner, Jr., V.K. Pecharsky, and  A.O. Pecharsky, Phys. Rev. B 68, 134409-1 – 134409-8 (2003).

      343. “Massive Magnetic-Field-Induced Structural Transformation in Gd5Ge4 and the Nature of the Giant Magnetocaloric Effect”, V.K. Pecharsky, A.P. Holm, K.A. Gschneidner, Jr., and R. Rink, Phys. Rev. Lett. 91, 197204-1 – 197204-4 (2003).

      344. “Decoupling of the Magnetic and Structural Transformations in Er5Si4”, V.K. Pecharsky, A.O. Pecharsky, Y. Mozharivskyj, K.A. Gschneidner, Jr., and G.J. Miller, Phys. Rev. Lett. 91, 207205-1 – 207205-4 (2003).

      345. “Electronic and Crystal Structures, Size (ECS2) Model for Predicting Binary Solid Solutions”, Karl A. Gschneidner, Jr., Mary Verkade, Prog. Mater. Sci. 49, 411-429 (2004).

      357. “Anisotropy of the Magnetoresistance in Gd5Si2Ge2”, H. Tang, V.K. Pecharsky, G.D. Samolyuk, M. Zou, K A. Gschneidner, Jr., V.P. Antropov, D.L. Schlagel and T.A. Lograsso, Phys. Rev. Lett. 33 237203-1 – 237203-4 (2004).

      360. “Fracture Toughness of Polycrystalline YCu, DyCu, and YAg”, Z. Zhang, A.M. Russell, S B. Biner, K.A. Gschneidner, Jr. and C.C.H. Lo, Intermetallics 13 559-564 (2005).

      364. “Recent Developments in Magnetocaloric Materials”, K.A. Gschneidner, Jr., V.K. Pecharsky and A.O. Tsokol, Rept. Prog. Phys. 68 1479-1539 (2005).

      365. “Magnetic and Magnetocaloric Properties and the Magnetic Phase Diagram of Single-crystal Dysprosium”, A.S. Chernyshov, A.O. Tsokol, A.M. Tishin, K.A. Gschneidner, Jr., and V.K. Pecharsky, Phys. Rev. B 71 184410-1 – 184410-17 (2005).

      370. “Crystal Structure-magnetic Property Relationships of Gd5Ge4 Examined by in Situ X-ray Powder Diffraction”, Ya. Mudryk, A.P. Holm, K.A. Gschneidner, Jr., and V.K. Pecharsky, Phys. Rev. B 72 064442-1 – 064442-11 (2005).

      384. “Magnetic Anisotropy and Magnetic Phase Diagram of Gd5Ge4”, Z.W. Ouyang, V.K. Pecharsky, K.A. Gschneidner, Jr., D.L. Schlagel and T.A. Lograsso, Phys. Rev. B 74 024401-1 – 024401-11 (2006).

      385. “Binary Rare Earth Laves Phases – An Overview”, K.A. Gschneidner, Jr. and V.K. Pecharsky, Z. Kristallogr. 221 375-381 (2006).

      388. “Short-range Anisotropic Ferromagnetic Correlations in the Paramagnetic and Antiferromagnetic Phases of Gd5Ge4”, Z.W. Ouyang, V.K. Pecharsky, K.A. Gschneidner, Jr., D.L. Schlagel and T.A. Lograsso, Phys. Rev. B 74, 094404-1 – 094404-8 (2006).

      391. “Advanced Magnetocaloric Materials: What Does the Future Hold?”, V.K. Pecharsky and K.A. Gschneidner, Jr., Intern. J. Refrig. 29, 1239-1249 (2006).

    • 4) Chapter in Books

      63. “L. S. (Larry) Darken's Contributions to the Theory of Alloy Formation and Where We are Today” , K.A. Gschneidner, Jr. , pp. 1-39 in Theory of Alloy Phase Formation, L.H. Bennett, ed., The Met. Soc. AlME, Warrendale, PA (1980).

      65. “Phase Relationships in Rare Earth Metal Alloy Systems ‑ Contributions to the Theory of Alloy Formation”, K.A. Gschneidner, Jr. , pp. 51-75 in Science and Technology of Rare Earth Materials, E.C. Subbarao and W.E. Wallace, eds., Academic Press, New York (1980).

      77. “Quenching of Spin Fluctuations in Highly Enhanced Magnetic Materials” , K.A. Gschneidner, Jr. and S.K. Dhar, pp. 177-182 in Magnetic Excitations and Fluctuations, S. W. Lovesey, U. Balucani, F. Borsa, and V. Tognetti, eds., Springer-Verlag, Berlin (1984).

      92. “Physical Metallurgy”, K.A. Gschneidner, Jr. and A.H. Daane, Chap. 78, pp. 409‑484, in Handbook on the Physics and Chemistry of Rare Earths, Vol. 11, K.A. Gschneidner, Jr. and L. Eyring, eds., North-Holland Physics Publishing, Elsevier Science Publishers, Amsterdam (1988).

      110. “Magnetic Refrigeration”, Karl A. Gschneidner, Jr. and Vitalij K. Pecharsky, pp. 209-222 in Rare Earths: Science, Technology and Applications III, R.G. Bautista, C.O. Bounds, T.W. Ellis and B.T. Kilbourn, eds., The Minerals, Metals & Materials Society, Warrendale, PA (1997).

      117. “Production of the Giant Magnetocaloric Effect Gd5(SixGe1-x)4 Magnetic Refrigerant Materials from Commercial Gadolinium Metal”, K.A. Gschneidner, Jr., A.O. Pecharsky, V.K. Pecharsky, T.A. Lograsso and D.L. Schlagel, pp. 63-72 in Rare Earths and Actinides: Science, Technology and Applications IV, R.G. Bautista and B. Mishra, eds., The Minerals, Metals & Materials Society, Warrendale, Pennsylvania (2000).

      121. “Ductile, High Heat Capacity, Magnetic Regenerator Alloys for the 10 to 80 K Temperature Range”, K.A. Gschneidner, Jr., A.O. Pecharsky and V.K. Pecharsky, pp. 433-441 in Cryocoolers 11, R.G. Ross, Jr. ed., Kluwer Academic/Plenum Publishers, New York (2001).

      126. “Magnetic Refrigeration”, K.A. Gschneidner, Jr. and V.K. Pecharsky, pp. 519-539, Chap. 25 in Intermetallic Compounds: Vol. 3, Principles and Practice. J.H. Westbrook and R.L. Fleischer, eds., John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., New York (2002).

      129. “Magnetocaloric Effect”, V.K. Pecharsky and K.A. Gschneidner, Jr., pp. 236-244 in Encyclopedia of Condensed Matter Physics, G.F. Bassani, G.L. Liedl and P. Wyder, eds. Elsevier, Amsterdam (2005).

      130. “Magnetocaloric Effect Associated with Magnetostructural Transitions”, V.K. Pecharsky and K.A. Gschneidner, Jr., pp. 199-222 in Magnetism and Structure of Fundamental Materials, A. Planes, L. Manosa and A. Saxena, eds., Springer, Heidelberg, Germany (2005).

    Presentations

    • Invited Talks: 259 presentations through December 31, 2006
    • Presentations made in 2006

      253. “Materials Which Undergo a First Order Transition as Sensors – Gd5(SixGe1-x)4”, at the 7th Global Innovations Symposium: Trends in Materials for Sensor Manufacturing Technologies, 2006 Annual Meeting of The Mining, Metals, and Materials Society, San Antonio, TX, March 13, 2006.

      254. “A New Paradigm: Ductile Intermetallics! The Rare Earth RM B2 CsCl-type Intermetallics” , 2006 DOE/BES Mechanical Behavior Contractors Meeting, San Antonio, TX, March 17, 2006.

      255. “Rare Earths and Magnetic Refrigeration”, Plenary Talk, 2006 Beijing International Materials Week, Beijing, China, June 26, 2006.

      256. “The Extraordinary R5T4 (R: Rare Earth, T: Si,Ge,Sn,Sb) Materials”, Keynote Lecture, International Conference on Rare Earth Research and Appilcation, Beijing, China, June 27, 2006.

      257. “The Theory of Phase Formation in Rare Earth Metal Systems”, European Materials Research Society, Symposium I: Phase Diagrams, Phase Stability: Theory and Applications, Warsaw, Poland, September 4, 2006.

      258. “The Basic Properties of the Rare Earth Metals and Their Impact on Science and Technology”, Symposium on Panoscopic Assembling and Highly Ordered Function for Rare Earth Materials, Wakayama, Japan, October 4, 2006.

      259. “The Extraordinary R5T4 (R = Rare Earth) Materials”, Symposium on Panoscopic Assembling and Highly Ordered Function for Rare Earth Materials, Wakayama, Japan, October 6, 2006.

       

    Patents

    • U.S. Patent No. 3,043,727, "Plutonium Alloys Containing Controlled Amounts of Plutonium Allotropes Obtained by Application of High Pressures" R. O. Elliott and K. A. Gschneidner, Jr. (July 20, 1962)
    • U.S. Patent No. 3,149,966, "Oxidation Resistant Cerium Alloys" K. A. Gschneidner, Jr. (September 22, 1964)
    • U.S. Patent No. 3,162,527, "Plutonium Alloys Containing Controlled Amounts of Plutonium Allotropes Obtained by Application of High Pressures" R. O. Elliott and K. A. Gschneidner, Jr. (December 22, 1964)
    • U.S. Patent No. 4,824,826, "Millimeter Size Single Crystals of Superconducting YBa2Cu3Ox" M. A. Damento and K. A. Gschneidner, Jr. (April 25, 1989)
    • U.S. Patent No. 5,435,137, Ternary Dy-Er-Al Magnetic Refrigerants Karl A. Gschneidner, Jr. and Hiroyuki Takeya (July 25, 1995)
    • U.S. Patent No. 5,462,610, "Lanthanide Al-Ni Base Ericsson Cycle Magnetic Refrigerants" Karl A. Gschneidner, Jr. and Hiroyuki Takeya (October 31, 1995)
    • U.S. Patent No. 5,537,826, Erbium-based Magnetic Refrigerant (Regenerator) for Passive Cryocooler Karl A. Gschneidner, Jr. and Vitalij K. Pecharsky (July 23, 1996)
    • U.S. Patent No. 5,743,095, Active Magnetic Refrigerants Based on Gd-Si-Ge Material and Refrigeration Apparatus and Process V. K. Pecharsky and K. A. Gschneidner, Jr. (April 28, 1998)
    • U.S. Patent No. 5,806,979, "Calorimetric System and Method" K. A. Gschneidner, Jr., V. K. Pecharsky and J. O. Moorman (September 15, 1998)
    • U.S. Patent No. 5,887,449, Dual Stage Active Magnetic Regenerator and Method Vitalij K. Pecharsky and Karl A. Gschneidner, Jr. (March 30, 1999)
    • U.S. Patent No. 6,318,090 Ductile Magnetic Regenerator Alloys for Closed Cycle Cryocoolers K. A. Gschneidner, Jr., V. K. Pecharsky and A. O. Pecharsky (November 20, 2001)
    • U.S. Patent No. 6,589,366 Method of Making Active Magnetic Refrigerant, Colossal Magnetostriction and Giant Magnetoresistive Materials Based on Gd-Si-Ge Alloys K. A. Gschneidner, Jr., A. O. Pecharsky and V. K. Pecharsky (July 8, 2003)
    • U.S. Patent No. 6,680,663, Permanent Magnetic Structure for Generation of Magnetic Fields Seong-Jae Lee, David Jiles, Karl A. Gschneidner, Jr. and Vitalij Pecharsky (January 20, 2004).

    • U.S. Patent No. 7,114,640 “Method of Making Active Magnetic Rerigerant Materials Based on Gd-Si-Ge Alloys”, A.O. Pecharsky, K.A. Gschneidner, Jr. and V.K. Pecharsky (October 3, 2006)

    Honors and Awards

     

    ·         Senior Editor of the Handbook of the Physics and Chemistry of Rare Earths, 1976 - present

    ·         Board of Advisory Editors of the Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials, 1978 - 2006

    ·         William Hume-Rothery Award of The Metallurgical Society of AIME (American Institute of Mining, Metallurgical and Petroleum Engineers) in recognition of outstanding scholarly contributions to the science of alloys, 1978

    ·         Distinguished Professor in Sciences and Humanities, Iowa State University, 1979, title changed to Anson Marston Distinguished Professor, College of Engineering, 1986

    ·         Co-winner of the Department of Energy's 1982 Materials Sciences Research Competition in the Metallurgy and Ceramics: Outstanding Scientific Accomplishment Category.  Research was on "Quenching of Spin Fluctuations and Inducing of Magnetic Moments in Metamagnetic Materials"  

    ·         The paper "Physical Properties and Interrelationships of Metallic and Semimetallic Elements" (Solid State Physics, 16, p. 275-426, 1964) was named a CITATION CLASSIC by Institute for Scientific Information, Philadelphia, Current Contents- Phys. Chem. Earth Sci. edition, 24, [40], 16 (October 1, 1984) and Current Contents -Eng. Tech. Appl. Sci. edition, 15, [40], 16 (October 1, 1984), 1984

    ·         Presented the First Plenary Lecture at the International Conference on Rare Earth Development and Application, sponsored by the Chinese Rare Earth Society, Beijing, People's Republic of China, September 1985.

    ·         Presented the second Plenary Lecture at the First International Conference on Ti,W,RE,Sb, sponsored by The Non-Ferrous Metals Society of China, Changsha, People's Republic of China, November 1988.

    ·         Burlington Northern Award for Excellence in Research, Iowa State University, 1989

    ·         Fellow of the Minerals, Metals, and Materials Society, 1990

    ·         Fellow of the American Society for Materials International, 1990

    ·         Guest Editor for the special commemorative centennial volume of the Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials, 1990.

    ·         Frank H. Spedding Award, 19th Rare Earth Research Conference, for distinguished contributions in the field of rare earth science, 1991

    ·         A special symposium, named the "Karl A. Gschneidner, Jr. Symposium" was dedicated to K. A. Gschneidner, Jr. in recognition for his "meritorious service to rare earth science and industry" at the International Conference on Rare Earths '92 in Kyoto, Kyoto, Japan, June 1-5, 1992.

    ·         Delivered the first Plenary Lecture at the International Conference on Rare Earths '92 in Kyoto, Kyoto, Japan, June 1-5, 1992.

    ·         Board Governors of Acta Materialia, Inc., 1993-2006: Chairman, 1996-2006

    ·         Honorary member of the Materials Research Society of India, 1993

    ·         Delivered the Keynote Address at the Australian Academy of Sciences' National Science and Industry Forum on Rare Earths and Their Uses, October 7, 1993

    ·         Russell B. Scott Award for Best Research Paper of the Cryogenic Engineering Conference (CEC) presented at the 1993 CEC in Albuquerque, New Mexico. The paper was entitled “New Magnetic Refrigeration Materials for the Liquefaction of Hydrogen”, by K. A. Gschneidner, Jr., H. Takeya, J. O. Moorman, V. K. Pecharsky, S. K. Malik and C. B. Zimm. Award was presented at the 1995 CEC in Columbus, Ohio, 1995

    ·         Board of Directors of the Cryogenic Engineering Conference, 1997-2003

    ·         David R. Boylan Eminent Faculty Award in Research, College of Engineering, Iowa State University, 1997

    ·         Winner of the Department of Energy's 1997 Materials Science Research Competition in Metallurgy and Ceramics: Significant Implication Category.  Research was on “The Giant Magnetocaloric Effect Materials, Gd5(SixGe1-x)4, and Their Impact on Refrigeration Technologies.” 

    ·         1998 Iowa Distinguished Faculty in Engineering Annual Lecture at the University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa

    ·         Honorary member of the European Rare Earth and Actinide Society, 1998

    ·         Award of Excellence for a Technical Paper, “Magnetic Cooling for Appliances,” presented at the 50th Annual International Appliance Technical Conference, West Lafayette, Indiana, May 10-12, 1999

    ·         Science Alumnus of the Year 2000, University of Detroit-Mercy, 2000

    ·         Energy 100 Award for research on magnetic refrigeration from the U.S. Department of Energy as one of the 100 discoveries and innovations between 1997 and 2000 that resulted in improvements for American consumers, 2001

    ·         Honorary Membership in the Japan Institute of Metals, 2001

    ·         Delivered the first Plenary Lecture at the Rare Earths-2001 Brazil conference in Campos do Jordao, Brazil, September 22-26, 2001

    ·         2002 Federal Laboratory Consortium’s Mid-Continent Award for Outstanding Regional Partnership between DOE’s Ames Laboratory and Astronautics Corporation of America on “Magnetic Refrigeration Technology”

    ·         Fellow of the American Physical Society, 2002

    ·         The Ames Laboratory was named a winner of a “’03 Innovative Housing Technology Award – the Coming of Age Award for the Magnetic Refrigerator,” 2003

    ·         Contributed a paper to a special edition of Zeitschift für Kristallographie in commemoration of the 100th anniversary of the birth of Prof. Fritz Laves (February 27, 1906), one of the pioneers in the field of x-ray crystallography of intermetallic compounds. “Binary Rare Earth Laves Phases – an Overview”, Z. Kristallogr. 221, 375-381 (2006).

    ·         A special symposium named the Karl A. Gschneidner, Jr. Symposium on “Materials and Physics: Life on Earth With and Without the Rare Earths” in honor of 53 years of service and 75th birthday as part of the Centennial of the founding of the Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa, November 14, 2005.

    ·         Excellence in Research Award, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Iowa State University, April 2006.

    ·         Elected member of the National Academy of Engineering, 2007

    Graduate Students

      M.S. Degrees
    • P. Rider, "Solid Solubility of Some Rare-Earth Metals in Gold", 1964.
    • R. R. Joseph, "Solid Solubility of Magnesium in the Close-Packed Modification of Some Rare Earth Metals", 1965.
    • J. T. Demel, "The Gadolinium-Lead Phase System", 1968.
    • R. E. Hungsberg, "Low Temperature Specific Heat of Some Rare Earth-Aluminum Laves Phase Compounds", 1970.
    • D. K. Thome, "Low Temperature Heat Capacity of Lutetium and Lutetium Hydrogen Alloys", 1977.
    • R. J. Stierman, "Superconductivity in the Lanthanum-Yttrium-Manganese Alloy System", 1979.
    • L. S. Lyons, Jr., "An Investigation into the Preparation of Rare Earth Metals by Carbothermic Reduction in Tin", 1980.
    • W. D. Cho, "A Study of the Anomalous Behavior of the Electrical Resistivity in Alloys Near the PrNi5.0 Composition", 1982.
    • C.-L. Chang, "Some Normal State and Superconducting State Properties of Ultra High Purity Vanadium", 1985.
    • P. Klavins, "Heat Capacity Measurements from 150 mK to 1.5 K on Some CeSix Metallic Alloys", 1987.
    • G. B. Kokos, "Thermal Conductivity of La3-xRxS4 R = Sm, Yb, and Eu", 1988.
    • A. L. R. Sabariz, "Metastable bcc Mischmetal Magnesium Alloys", 1988.
    • Jinke Tang, "Physical Metallurgy and Magnetic Behavior of Cd Stabilized bcc bGd Alloys", 1990.
    • Mark J. Gailloux, "Low Temperature Properties of (Dy1-xErx)Ni2 Alloys", 1994.
    • John J. Michiels, "Rare Earth Chalcogenides for Use as High Temperature Thermoelectric Materials", 1995.
    • Trevor M. Riedemann, Heat Capacities, Magnetic Properties, and Resistivities of Ternary RPdBi Alloys, where R = La, Nd, Gd, Dy, Er and Lu, 1996.
    • Bo Zhong, Physical Metallurgy and Properties of TiNiSn and PtMnSb, 1996.
    • Joel L. Harringa, Mechanical Alloying and Thermoelectric Properties of Heavily Doped n-type Si-Ge Alloys, 1997.
    • David M. Clatterbuck, Magnetic and Magneto-optical Properties of RMn6Sn6 Crystals Where R = Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, and Lu, 1998.
    • Xuejun Niu, Magnetocaloric Effect of Gd4(BixSb1-x)3 Alloy Series, 1999.
    • Wei Zhang, Magnetic and Magneto-optical Properties of the Tb(Mn1-xFex)2 System, 2001.
    • Vitaliy V. Ivchenko, Magnetic, Caloric and Crystallographic Properties of Dy5(SixGe1-x)4 Alloys, 2002.
    • Rangarajan Vijayaraghavan, "Preparation, Crystallography, Magnetic and Magnetothermal Properties of Ce5SixGe4-x Alloys", 2005. Co-major Professor with Dist. Prof. Vitalij K. Pecharsky.
    • Brad D. Stumphy, "Mechanical and Oxidation Properties of Some B2 Rare Earth-Magnesium Intermetallic Compounds (RMg; R = Y, Ce)'" 2006. Co-major Professor with Prof. Alan M. Russell.
      Ph.D. Degrees
    • R. R. Joseph, "The Low Temperature Specific Heat of Some Cerium and Lanthanum Laves Phase Compounds", 1968.
    • R. B. Griffin, "The Effect of Solute from the Sixth Period of the Period Table on the Melting Point and the Allotropic Transformation Temperature of Praseodymium", 1969.
    • N. T. Panousis, "Low Temperature Specific Heat of Cerium and Cerium-Yttrium Alloys", 1970.
    • J. J. Tonnies, "Part I. Preparation of Lanthanide Single Crystals. Part II. Elastic Moduli and Thermal Expansion of Lutetium Single Crystals from 4.2 to 300°C", 1970.
    • J. T. Demel, "Low Temperature Heat Capacity of YPb3, LaPb3, La5Pb3 and La5Pb3C", 1973.
    • D. C. Koskimaki, "Some Low-Temperature Properties of Cerium", 1973.
    • T.-W. E. Tsang, "Low Temperature Heat Capacity of Scandium and Alloys of Scandium", 1977.
    • R. J. Stierman, "The Magnetic Susceptibility of Scandium-Hydrogen and Lutetium-Hydrogen Solid Solution Alloys from 2 - 300 K", 1982.
    • Y.-C. S. Yeh, "Influence of the bcc to Tetragonal Transformation on Superconductivity in 'La3X44' (X = S or Se)", 1984.
    • James W. Herchenroeder, "Formation of bcc Non-equilibrium La, Gd and Dy Alloys and the Magnetic Structure of Mg-stabilized bGd and bDy," 1988.
    • Jinke Tang, "Searching for Heavy Fermion Materials in Ce Intermetallic Compounds", 1989.
    • Sang Hyun Han, "High Temperature Rare Earth and Si-Ge Thermoelectric Materials", 1992.
    • Bruce Allan Cook, A Comparison of Thermoelectric Phenomena in Diverse Alloy Systems, 1999.

    • Alexander Chernyshov, “Coupled Magnetic and Structural Transitions in High-purity Dy and Gd5SbxGe4-x”, 2006.  Co-major Professor with Dist. Prof. Vitalij K. Pecharsky.

    • Kyunghan Ahn, “Strucural and Magnetothermal Properties of Compounds: Yb5SixGe4-x,

      Sm5SixGe4-x, EuO, and Eu3O4”, 2007.  Co-major Professor with Dist. Prof. Vitalij K. Pecharsky.